6.1 Digestion and Absorption

Which enzyme secreted by the pancreas is responsible for breaking down proteins into amino acids in the small intestine?

A. Amylase

B. Lipase

C. Trypsin

D. Nuclease

What is the primary function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

A. Secrete enzymes

B. Increase surface area for absorption

C. Move food along the gut

D. Break down macromolecules

Which of the following processes involves both circular and longitudinal muscle contractions in the small intestine?

A. Ingestion

B. Absorption

C. Peristalsis

D. Egestion

Which organ is responsible for the absorption of water and the formation of faeces?

A. Small intestine

B. Large intestine

C. Stomach

D. Liver

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into monosaccharides in the small intestine?

A. Amylase

B. Lipase

C. Trypsin

D. Nuclease

a) Explain the role of circular and longitudinal muscle contractions in the small intestine during digestion. [3]

b) Describe how the pancreas contributes to the breakdown of macromolecules in the small intestine. [2]

a) Discuss the adaptations of villi in the small intestine that aid in efficient nutrient absorption. [3]

b) Outline the process of ingestion and how it initiates the digestive process. [2]

a) Describe the structure and function of the pancreas in relation to digestion. [3]

b) Explain how the process of egestion concludes the digestive process. [2]

a) Elaborate on how the structure of the human digestive system facilitates its function. [4]

b) How do enzymes from the pancreas aid in the digestion of lipids? [3]

c) Why is the presence of microvilli on the villi essential for absorption? [2]

a) Discuss the role of the liver in digestion and absorption. [3]

b) How does the process of egestion differ from excretion? [2]

c) Explain the significance of feedback mechanisms in regulating digestive enzymes. [4]