6.5 Nerves and Synapses

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in neurons?

A. Insulation of the axon

B. Generation of action potentials

C. Transmission of neurotransmitters

D. Reception of sensory stimuli

Which of the following ions is actively pumped out of the neuron to maintain the resting membrane potential?

A. Calcium

B. Chloride

C. Sodium

D. Potassium

What is the role of neurotransmitters at the synapse?

A. Insulate the axon

B. Facilitate electrical conduction

C. Transmit signals between neurons

D. Generate resting potential

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for integrating sensory information and coordinating voluntary and involuntary responses?

A. Peripheral Nervous System

B. Central Nervous System

C. Somatic Nervous System

D. Autonomic Nervous System

During an action potential, the rapid influx of which ion causes depolarisation of the neuron?

A. Calcium

B. Chloride

C. Sodium

D. Potassium

a) Describe the structure and function of a synapse in the nervous system. [3]

b) Explain how neurotransmitters play a role in transmitting nerve impulses across a synapse. [2]

a) Discuss the role of myelination and saltatory conduction in the transmission of nerve impulses. [3]

b) How do sensory and motor neurons differ in structure and function? [2]

a) Explain the generation of a resting potential in neurons and its importance. [3]

b) Discuss the process of depolarisation and repolarisation during an action potential. [2]

a) Outline the main components of the central and peripheral nervous systems and their functions. [3]

b) How do the roles of sensory and motor neurons differ in the nervous system? [2]

c) Explain the significance of neurotransmitters in the functioning of the nervous system. [3]

a) Describe the process of myelination and explain how it affects the speed of nerve impulse transmission. [3]

b) Discuss the concept of saltatory conduction and its significance in the nervous system. [3]

c) How does the structure of a neuron facilitate the propagation of action potentials? [2]