3.1 Periodic Table

Which of the following best describes the trend in atomic radius as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table?

A. Increases steadily

B. Decreases steadily

C. Remains constant

D. First increases, then decreases

Transition metals are known for their ability to form coloured compounds. What is the primary reason for this characteristic?

A. Presence of multiple oxidation states

B. Incomplete d orbitals

C. High electronegativity

D. Large atomic size

Which block of the periodic table contains elements that primarily fill their f orbitals?

A. s-block

B. p-block

C. d-block

D. f-block

Which of the following elements is NOT a main group element?

A. Oxygen

B. Silicon

C. Iron

D. Neon

Which property generally increases down a group in the periodic table?

A. Ionization energy

B. Electronegativity

C. Atomic radius

D. Electron affinity

a) Define the term "period" in the context of the periodic table and explain its significance in determining the properties of elements. [2]

b) Elements in the same group of the periodic table often have similar chemical properties. Provide a reason for this observation. [2]

a) Describe the general trend in atomic radius as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table. [2]

b) Transition metals are known for their role in catalysis and the formation of coloured compounds. Explain why transition metals often form coloured compounds. [2]

a) The f-block elements are often referred to as lanthanides and actinides. Briefly describe the significance of these f-block elements. [2]

b) Elements are classified into s, p, d, and f blocks based on the last orbital being filled. Explain the general properties of elements in the p-block. [2]

a) Explain the difference between a group and a period in the periodic table. [2]

b) The elements of Group 1 are known as alkali metals. Describe a common chemical property of alkali metals. [2]

c) Why do elements in Group 17, known as halogens, have high electronegativities? [3]

a) What are transition metals, and how do they differ from main group elements in terms of electron configuration? [3]

b) Explain the significance of the d-block in the periodic table. [2]

c) Why do some transition metals exhibit variable oxidation states? [3]