20.3 Oxygen-Containing Compounds

Which of the following is an example of an alcohol?

A. CH3COOH

B. CH3CHO

C. CH3OH

D. CH3COCH3

Which compound is commonly used as a solvent and has a fruity odour?

A. Ethanoic acid

B. Methanal

C. Ethanol

D. Ethyl ethanoate

Which functional group is present in carboxylic acids?

A. -OH

B. -CHO

C. -COOH

D. -CO

Which of the following compounds is used in the synthesis of esters?

A. Aldehyde

B. Ketone

C. Alcohol

D. Amine

Which compound is responsible for the characteristic smell of vinegar?

A. Methanol

B. Ethanoic acid

C. Ethanol

D. Methanoic acid

a) Define the term "ester" and provide an example of an ester molecule. [2]

b) Explain the significance of esters in the synthesis of fragrances. [3]

a) Describe the characteristic reactions of alcohols. [3]

b) How do the properties of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols differ? [2]

a) What is the importance of oxygen-containing compounds in the petrochemical industry? [3]

b) Differentiate between an aldehyde and a ketone, providing an example for each. [2]

a) What is the general formula for carboxylic acids? [1]

b) Describe the characteristic reactions of carboxylic acids. [3]

c) Explain the importance of carboxylic acids in the synthesis of other organic compounds. [3]

a) Define the term "amide" and provide an example. [2]

b) How do amides differ from amines in terms of structure and reactivity? [3]

c) Describe the significance of amides in the synthesis of polymers. [2]